สุขภาพจิตของผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยอยู่ตามลำพัง : บทบาทที่ท้าทายของพยาบาลในการส่งเสริมสุขภาวะ

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เผยแพร่แล้ว: ธ.ค. 26, 2025
คำสำคัญ: สุขภาพจิต, ผู้สูงอายุ, การอยู่ลำพัง, การพยาบาล, สุขภาวะ
จินตนา  ลี้ละไกรวรรณ
คณะพยาบาลศาสตร์ วิทยาลัยนอร์ทเทิร์น
นิตยา  จันทบุตร
คณะพยาบาลศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏศรีสะเกษ
 

 บทคัดย่อ

          ผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยอยู่ตามลำพังเป็นกลุ่มที่มีความเปราะบางและเสี่ยงต่อปัญหาสุขภาพจิต เช่น ภาวะซึมเศร้า ความเหงา และความวิตกกังวล พยาบาลจำเป็นต้องมีองค์ความรู้ในการเสริมสร้างสุขภาวะผู้สูงอายุ บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อทบทวนวรรณกรรมเกี่ยวกับปัญหาสุขภาพจิตของผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยอยู่ตามลำพัง และบทบาทของพยาบาลในการส่งเสริมสุขภาวะ วิธีการศึกษาเป็นการดำเนินการทบทวนแบบบรรยายจากงานวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพและเชิงปริมาณในประเทศไทย จำนวน 17 เรื่อง และต่างประเทศ จำนวน 31 เรื่อง ที่มีการเผยแพร่ตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ. 2558-2568 จากแหล่งข้อมูลวิชาการที่มีการเผยแพร่ทางอินเทอร์เน็ต

          ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ผู้สูงอายุที่อยู่ลำพังมีความเสี่ยงสูงต่อภาวะซึมเศร้า ความเหงา และความวิตกกังวล และ กลไกสำคัญที่นำไปสู่ปัญหา ได้แก่ การสนับสนุนทางอารมณ์ การทำกิจกรรมทางสังคม และการรับรู้ถึงคุณค่าในตนเอง ส่วนบทบาทพยาบาล ควรมีบทบาทในการคัดกรอง การให้ความรู้และทักษะการเผชิญปัญหา การดูแลแบบองค์รวม สร้างเครือข่ายทางสังคม ผลักดันการสนับสนุนทางสังคม รวมถึงการทำงานแบบสหวิชาชีพ และการพัฒนานวัตกรรมการดูแล เพื่อส่งเสริมสุขภาวะ และคุณภาพชีวิตของผู้สูงอายุที่อยู่ลำพัง

 

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